Heilung, Prävention und Verjüngung durch Ernährung » Grüner Mate-Tee

Hallo,

Mate-Tee wird zwar einerseits einiges an positiven Wirkungen nachgesagt:

Zitat

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Welche Heilkraft steckt in Mate?

Die Mateblätter enthalten 0,4 bis 1,7 Prozent Koffein, Theobrombin und Theophyllin. Ferner sind Caffeoylchinasäuren, Flavonoide, Saponine sowie Gerbstoffe die wirksamkeitsmitbestimmenden Inhaltsstoffe. Vor allem das Koffein und in geringem Maße das Theobrombin stimulieren das Zentrale Nervensystem und steigern die Kraft und Schlagfunktion des Herzens. Außerdem fördern die Inhaltsstoffe die Harnausscheidung und den Fettabbau und können zellschädigende freie Radikale abfangen (antioxidative Wirkung).

Dank dieser Wirkungen ist Mate als Heilpflanze bei geistiger und körperlicher Ermüdung arzneilich anerkannt. Auch bei Krebspatienten während oder nach einer Chemo- oder Strahlentherapie ist die anregende und antioxidative Wirkung der Heilpflanze zu empfehlen.

Traditionell verwendet man Mate zur Erhöhung der Harnmenge, um Harnwegsprobleme zu lindern. Als natürliches Schlankheitsmittel könnte die Heilpflanze bei der Gewichtsabnahme helfen, da sie Hungergefühle zu dämpfen vermag.

In Südamerika verwendet man die Heilpflanze zudem in der Behandlung oder Vorbeugung diverser Erkrankungen wie Arterienverkalkung (Arteriosklerose), Rheuma, Depressionen, Fieber und Entzündungen. Hier liegen allerdings noch keine wissenschaftlichen Belege zur Wirksamkeit vor.

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http://www.netdoktor.de/heilpflanzen/mate/

Andererseits, wird vor Krebsgefahr, duch Mate-Tee gewarnt:

Zitat

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Einem häufigen Genuss von Mate-Tee wird jedoch auch ein karzinogenes Risiko zugeschrieben. Insbesondere die Entwicklung von Blasenkrebs,[4] Speiseröhrenkrebs[5][6] sowie Lungenkrebs[7] durch hohe Anteile von PAK (Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe) und Benzo(a)pyrene[8][9] werden mit dem Konsum von Mate-Tee verbunden. Man geht davon aus, dass eine hohe Konzentration der PAK durch die Rauchtrocknung des Yerba Mate entsteht. Es existiert allerdings auch Yerba Mate, welcher nicht über Feuer getrocknet wird. Bei den Untersuchungen zum Speiseröhrenkrebs wird darauf hingewiesen, dass eine höhere Temperatur des Getränks die Krebshäufigkeit erhöhte.

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https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mate-Tee#G...itliche_Risiken

Bisher dachte ich, dass Grüner Mate-Tee keine krebserregenden Stoffe enthalten würde, weil diese nicht über Feuer geräuchert würden.


Jetzt, steht hier allerdings etwas anderes:

Zitat

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Allerdings soll Grüner Mate auch ein gewisses Krebsrisiko haben, zumindest bei häufigem Konsum. Grund dafür sind die Inhaltsstoffe Benzoapyrene und Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, die bei der Rauchtrocknung entstehen.

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http://www.tschaje.de/gruener-mate-tee/
Sind das einfach nur Falschinformationen, oder stimmt das?

Mate-Tee ist eben praktisch, wenn man gerade Telomerase aktivieren will und etwas Koffein aufnehmen will. Normaler Tee, hemmt ja scheinbar die Telomerase, aber von Mate-Tee ist mir derartiges bisher nicht bekannt.
Ich denke mal, hin und wieder etwas Mate-Tee als Alternative zu Grünem oder Schwarztee wird selbst, wenn auch im grünen Mate-Tee die Krebserregenden Stoffe der Räucherung sind, kein Problem sein oder?

Mal ganz allgemein, gibt es zu Mate genug Studien, um etwas zu seinem gesundheitlichen Nutzen zu sagen?
Hat sich schon mal jemand genauer mit Mate beschäftigt?

Zitat

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Meiner Kenntnis nach sind PAH bereits vor der Verarbeitung in der Pflanze selber enthalten.

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Danke für deine Antwort und die von dir verlinkten Studien.
Gibt es dazu auch untersuchungen, wo die PAH genau her kommen?
Irgendwie, steht dazu immer was anderes.
Hier z.B. wieder:

Zitat

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Verantwortlich dafür sind wahrscheinlich die großen Konzentrationen an polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, kurz PKA. Diese sind nicht natürlicher Weise in den Blättern enthalten, sondern entstehen erst bei der Röstung über dem Feuer. Es gibt jedoch inzwischen modernere Herstellungsverfahren, die beim Röstvorgang auf Feuer verzichten können. Diese Mate Sorten sind dann entsprechend gesünder.

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http://matetee.org/
Allerdings, ist auch dort keine Quelle angegben...

Zitat von Prometheus im Beitrag #2

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Via GLP-1 kann Mate Tee beim Gewichtabnehmen helfen:

Mate Tea (Ilex paraguariensis) Promotes Satiety and Body Weight Lowering in Mice: Involvement of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb...2_1849/_article

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Zitat

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Für andere Krebsarten wie z.B. das Darmkrebs sinkt im Gegenzug allerdings das Erkrankungsrisiko.

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Ja, angeblich gab es ja auch eine Studie, bei der Matetee Krebszellen aus demDarm abtötete.
http://www.apotheken.de/news/article/mit...rebs-vorbeugen/


Übrigens, könnte Mate auch einen Schutz gegen Glykierung bieten.
http://inhumanexperiment.blogspot.co.at/...-formation.html

Mate Tee verbessert die Flieseigenschaften von dickflüssigem Blut.

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) improves microcirculation of volunteers with high blood viscosity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

RESULTS:
Parameters of blood viscosity and microcirculation were improved in the subjects from the Yerba mate tea group but not in placebo-receiving patients. After treatment, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and the Equation K value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESRK) decreased significantly in the Yerba mate group. Meanwhile, shape, flow state and nailfold microcirculation appeared positively changed. Specifically, blood flow speeds accelerated gradually and nailfold weighted integral values decreased significantly. Moreover, the vasodilator 6-keto PGF1α increased while the thromboxane TXB2 decreased in serum samples of subjects in the Yerba mate-receiving group. Overall, Yerba mate tea-receiving subjects saw nearly all measured values improve to levels comparable to those characteristic of patients with normal microcirculation.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results indicate the therapeutic capacity of Yerba mate tea in the treatment of high blood viscosity. Here, Yerba mate tea played a role in the regulation of various indexes of hemorheology, nailfold microcirculation, and the platelet aggregating factors 6-keto-PGF1a and TXB2. The regulation of these might be correlated with reduced blood viscosity and accelerating blood flow. Thus, Yerba mate tea may reduce some key risk-factors of cardiovascular disease. Daily consumption of Yerba mate tea may be a better-tolerated option for individuals with high blood viscosity and microcirculatory disturbance and as such, a novel preventative strategy for patients at-risk for vascular disease.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25562195

Guide to Yerba Mate – Auswirkung, Ergänzung und Dosierung

http://aesirsports.de/2015/03/guide-yerb...-und-dosierung/

Effect of an Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) extract on infarct size in isolated rat hearts: the mechanisms involved.
Tea made from Ilex paraguariensis (IP) dried and minced leaves is a beverage widely consumed by large populations in South America as a source of caffeine (stimulant action) and for its medicinal properties. However, there is little information about the action of IP on the myocardium in the ischemia-reperfusion condition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of an aqueous extract of IP on infarct size in a model of regional ischemia. Isolated rat hearts were perfused by the Langendorff technique and subjected to 40 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 60 min of reperfusion (ischemic control hearts). Other hearts received IP 30 μg mL(-1) during the first 10 min of reperfusion in the absence or presence of l(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester [l-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor]. The infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Post-ischemic myocardial function and coronary perfusion were also assessed. Cardiac oxidative damage was evaluated by using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration and the reduced glutathione (GSH) content. To analyze the mechanisms involved, the expressions of phosphorylated forms of eNOS and Akt were measured. In isolated mitochondria the Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening was determined. IP significantly decreased the infarct size and improved post-ischemic myocardial function and coronary perfusion. TBARS decreased, GSH was partially preserved, the levels of P-eNOS and P-Akt increased and mPTP opening diminished after IP addition. These changes were abolished by l-NAME. Therefore, our data demonstrate that acute treatment with IP only during reperfusion was effective in reducing myocardial post-ischemic alterations. These actions would be mediated by a decrease of mitochondrial permeability through IP-activated Akt/eNOS-dependent pathways.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26661577




Effects of Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) on the hypothalamic signalling of insulin and leptin and liver dysfunction in adult rats overfed during lactation.
Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) has a beneficial effect in the management of obesity. Here, we studied the effects of yerba mate on hypothalamic changes in leptin and insulin signalling, oxidative stress and liver morphology and metabolism in postnatal early overfeeding (EO) Wistar rats. To induce EO, the litter size was reduced to three pups per dam, and litters with 10 pups per dam were used as a control (10 litters each). On postnatal day (PN) 150, EO offspring were subdivided into EO and EO+mate groups (10 animals each), which were treated with water or mate tea [1 g/kg body weight (BW)/day, by gavage], respectively, for 30 days. The C offspring received water. On PN180, yerba mate treatment prevented BW gain and reduced total body fat, visceral fat and food intake in comparison with the EO group. Leptin and insulin signalling in the hypothalamus measured by Western blotting was reduced only in the EO group. Yerba mate treatment had a greater impact on insulin signalling normalization. In the liver, yerba mate treatment normalized antioxidant enzyme activities and, consequently, decreased lipid peroxidation, determined by malondialdehyde content. In addition, the steatosis level and the liver triglyceride content were also restored. Thus, for the first time, yerba mate was demonstrated to increase antioxidant defences and improve liver metabolism in adult rats that were overfed during lactation, possibly through improvements in the hypothalamic action of insulin. These findings may be important for the treatment of obesity-related disorders.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27609670




Ilex paraguariensis crude extract acts on protection and reversion from damage induced by t-butyl hydroperoxide in human erythrocytes: a comparative study with isolated caffeic and/or chlorogenic acids.
BACKGROUND:Studies comparing the effects of phytochemicals under different regimens of exposure are necessary to give a better indication about their mechanism(s) of protection. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the preventive (pre-incubation), protective (co-incubation) and/or remediative (post-incubation) activity of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acids, in comparison with Ilex paraguariensis crude extract, against t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced damage to human erythrocytes.
RESULTS:We found that both caffeic and chlorogenic acids were able to prevent and revert the hemolysis associated with t-BHP exposure. By contrast, isolated compounds (alone or in combination) presented no effect on basal and/or t-BHP-induced non-protein thiol (NPSH) oxidation or production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBBARS). In turn, I. paraguariensis extract was effective to prevent, protect and revert the hemolysis associated with t-BHP exposure. Moreover, I. paraguariensis significantly protects and reverts t-BHP-induced NPSH oxidation and TBARS production.
CONCLUSIONS:We have found that I. paraguariensis extract acts better with respect to the protection and reversion of t-BHP-associated changes, whereas isolated compounds are more active in preventing and reverting t-BHP pro-hemolytic action. Moreover, our data suggest that the pro-hemolytic activity of t-BHP may occur via mechanism(s) other(s) than lipid peroxidation and/or NPSH oxidation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27545589




The anti-inflammatory effect of Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil (Mate) in a murine model of pleurisy.
Ilex paraguariensis is a native plant from Southern America, where it is used as a beverage. In traditional medicine, it is used to treat many diseases including inflammation. However, we do not yet know precisely how this effect occurs. We therefore evaluated its anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model of pleurisy. The standardized CE, BF and ARF fractions, Caf, Rut and CGA were able to reduce leukocyte migration, exudate concentration, MPO and ADA activities and NOx levels. Moreover, I. paraguariensis also inhibited the release of Th1/Th17 pro-inflammatory cytokines, while increasing IL-10 production and improving the histological architecture of inflamed lungs. In addition, its major compounds decreased p65 NF-κB phosphorylation. Based on our results, we can conclude that I. paraguariensis exerts its anti-inflammatory action by attenuating the Th1/Th17 polarization in this model. This fact suggests that the use of this plant as a beverage can protect against Th1/Th17 inflammatory diseases.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27155392






Effects of mate tea consumption on muscle strength and oxidative stress markers after eccentric exercise.
Dietary phytochemical supplementation may improve muscle recovery from exercise. In this study, we investigated the effect of mate tea (MT) consumption - a phenol-rich beverage - on muscle strength and oxidative stress biomarkers after eccentric exercise. In a randomised, cross-over design, twelve men were assigned to drink either MT or water (control; CON) for 11 d. On the 8th day, subjects performed three sets of twenty maximal eccentric elbow flexion exercises. Maximal isometric elbow flexion force was measured before and at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise. Blood samples were obtained before and at 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise and analysed for total phenolics, GSH, GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH). After eccentric exercise, muscle strength was significantly reduced over time, regardless of treatments. However, MT improved the rate of strength recovery by 8·6 % on the 1st day after exercise (P<0·05). Plasma concentration of total phenolic compounds was higher in MT than in CON at all time points (P<0·05) but decreased significantly at 72 h after exercise in both trials (P<0·05). Blood levels of GSH were significantly decreased at 48 and 72 h after exercise in CON (P<0·05) but did not change over time in MT. No significant changes were observed for GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio and LOOH levels. MT intake did not influence muscle strength at all time points assessed but hastened the strength recovery over 24 h after exercise. MT also favoured the concentration of blood antioxidant compounds.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26917157

http://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/gesundheit/Ma...matetee100.html