Heidelbeeren/Blaubeeren

Heidelbeeren/Blaubeeren haben auch einen eigenen Thread verdient.
Dazu zitiere ich mal KA aus dem alten Forum:

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Es ist nicht leicht, die Gesundheitswirkungen von Beeren objektiv zu vergleichen, da nicht zu vielen Studien vorliegen. Die besten Studien liegen momentan m.E. zu Blaubeeren vor, auch im Bezug auf die Hirnschützende und -regenerierende Wirkung.

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Zitat

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Blaubeeren unterstützen insbesondere Blutzucker und Hirnfunktion

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http://aging-und-praevention.de/nahrungs...424.html#p12934

Hier mal ein paar interessante Studien

Dietary levels of pure flavonoids improve spatial memory performance and increase hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
Evidence suggests that flavonoid-rich foods are capable of inducing improvements in memory and cognition in animals and humans. However, there is a lack of clarity concerning whether flavonoids are the causal agents in inducing such behavioral responses. Here we show that supplementation with pure anthocyanins or pure flavanols for 6 weeks, at levels similar to that found in blueberry (2% w/w), results in an enhancement of spatial memory in 18 month old rats. Pure flavanols and pure anthocyanins were observed to induce significant improvements in spatial working memory (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006 respectively), to a similar extent to that following blueberry supplementation (p = 0.002). These behavioral changes were paralleled by increases in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (R = 0.46, p<0.01), suggesting a common mechanism for the enhancement of memory. However, unlike protein levels of BDNF, the regional enhancement of BDNF mRNA expression in the hippocampus appeared to be predominantly enhanced by anthocyanins. Our data support the claim that flavonoids are likely causal agents in mediating the cognitive effects of flavonoid-rich foods.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23723987




The beneficial effects of berries on cognition, motor behaviour and neuronal function in ageing.
Previously, it has been shown that strawberry (SB) or blueberry (BB) supplementations, when fed to rats from 19 to 21 months of age, reverse age-related decrements in motor and cognitive performance. We have postulated that these effects may be the result of a number of positive benefits of the berry polyphenols, including decreased stress signalling, increased neurogenesis, and increased signals involved in learning and memory. Thus, the present study was carried out to examine these mechanisms in aged animals by administering a control, 2 % SB- or 2 % BB-supplemented diet to aged Fischer 344 rats for 8 weeks to ascertain their effectiveness in reversing age-related deficits in behavioural and neuronal function. The results showed that rats consuming the berry diets exhibited enhanced motor performance and improved cognition, specifically working memory. In addition, the rats supplemented with BB and SB diets showed increased hippocampal neurogenesis and expression of insulin-like growth factor 1, although the improvements in working memory performance could not solely be explained by these increases. The diverse polyphenolics in these berry fruits may have additional mechanisms of action that could account for their relative differences in efficacy.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26392037




Blueberry supplementation improves memory in older adults.
The prevalence of dementia is increasing with expansion of the older adult population. In the absence of effective therapy, preventive approaches are essential to address this public health problem. Blueberries contain polyphenolic compounds, most prominently anthocyanins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, anthocyanins have been associated with increased neuronal signaling in brain centers, mediating memory function as well as improved glucose disposal, benefits that would be expected to mitigate neurodegeneration. This study investigated the effects of daily consumption of wild blueberry juice in a sample of nine older adults with early memory changes. At 12 weeks, improved paired associate learning (p = 0.009) and word list recall (p = 0.04) were observed. In addition, there were trends suggesting reduced depressive symptoms (p = 0.08) and lower glucose levels (p = 0.10). We also compared the memory performances of the blueberry subjects with a demographically matched sample who consumed a berry placebo beverage in a companion trial of identical design and observed comparable results for paired associate learning. The findings of this preliminary study suggest that moderate-term blueberry supplementation can confer neurocognitive benefit and establish a basis for more comprehensive human trials to study preventive potential and neuronal mechanisms.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20047325




14 Days of supplementation with blueberry extract shows anti-atherogenic properties and improves oxidative parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats model.
The effects of supplementation with blueberry (BE) extract (Vaccinium ashei Reade) for 14 consecutive days on biochemical, hematological, histopathological and oxidative parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats were investigated. After supplementation with lyophilized extract of BE, the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were decreased. Histopathological analysis showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) of aortic lesions in hypercholesterolemic rats. Oxidative parameters showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in oxidative damage to lipids and proteins and an increase in activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The BE extract showed an important cardioprotective effect by the improvements in the serum lipid profile, antioxidant system, particularly in reducing oxidative stress associated with hypercholesterolemia and anti-atherogenic effect in rats.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26171628




Blueberries improve endothelial function, but not blood pressure, in adults with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Blueberry consumption has been shown to have various health benefits in humans. However, little is known about the effect of blueberry consumption on blood pressure, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity in humans. The present study investigated the role of blueberry consumption on modifying blood pressure in subjects with metabolic syndrome. In addition, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity (secondary measurements) were also assessed. A double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted in 44 adults (blueberry, n = 23; and placebo, n = 21). They were randomized to receive a blueberry or placebo smoothie twice daily for six weeks. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The blood pressure and insulin sensitivity did not differ between the blueberry and placebo groups. However, the mean change in resting endothelial function, expressed as reactive hyperemia index (RHI), was improved significantly more in the group consuming the blueberries versus the placebo group (p = 0.024). Even after adjusting for confounding factors, i.e., the percent body fat and gender, the blueberry group still had a greater improvement in endothelial function when compared to their counterpart (RHI; 0.32 ± 0.13 versus -0.33 ± 0.14; p = 0.0023). In conclusion, daily dietary consumption of blueberries did not improve blood pressure, but improved (i.e., increased) endothelial function over six weeks in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26024297




Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung mit Blaubeeren lindern?
https://de.sott.net/article/23279-Posttr...ubeeren-lindern
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20...60405175653.htm





[Effects of blueberry on apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in HSC-T6].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of blueberry on the apoptosis, expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in rat hepatic stellate cell (HSC-T6).
METHODS: 10% blueberry serum at low, middle and high dose, 10% Fu-Fang-Bie-Jia-Ruan-Gan tablet serum and 10% saline serum were prepared by method of serum pharmacology. Subcultured HSC-T6 was divided into saline serum control group, blueberry serum at low, middle, high dose and Fu-Fang-Bie-Jia-Ruan-Gan tablet serum group, and then was respectively incubated at different dose of 10% blueberry serum, 10% Fu-Fang-Bie-Jia-Ruan-Gan tablet serum and 10% saline serum for 72 hours.Apoptosis of HSC-T6 was detected using flow cytometry with annexin V FITC/PI double staining. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in HSC-T6 were examined using immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, respectively.
RESULT: There was no significant difference for HSC-T6 Bax protein expression in the low, middle and high dose blueberry serum groups, compared with saline serum control group, respectively.In the high-dose blueberry serum group HSC-T6 early and total apoptosis rate increased significantly compared with the saline serum control group (5.55% ± 0.98% vs 2.53% ± 0.46%, 7.01% ± 1.05% vs 2.96% ± 0.81%, both P<0.05); Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly decreased (A value, 82 ± 35 vs 51 ± 13, P<0.05); Bcl-2/Bax ratio was significantly decreased (0.26 ± 0.02 vs 0.46 ± 0.03, P<0.05); HSC-T6 early and total apoptosis rate, Bcl-2 expression and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the low and the middle dose blueberry serum group showed no significant difference with the saline serum control group.
CONCLUSION: Blueberry can induce HSC-T6 apoptosis by down-regulating Bcl-2 expression and decreasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in HSC-T6 cells, so it may have potential interference effects on hepatic fibrosis.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26711393


Falls jemand weitere vielversprechende Studien hat, nur her damit.

Blueberry anthocyanins at doses of 0.5 and 1 % lowered plasma cholesterol by increasing fecal excretion of acidic and neutral sterols in hamsters fed a cholesterol-enriched diet

Purpose

The present study investigated the underlying mechanism associated with the hypocholesterolemic activity of blueberry anthocyanins by examining its effect on fecal sterol excretion and gene expression of major receptors, enzymes, and transporters involved in cholesterol metabolism.
Methods

Hamsters were divided into three groups and fed a 0.1 % cholesterol diet containing 0 % (CTL), 0.5 % (BL), and 1.0 % (BH) blueberry anthocyanins, respectively, for six weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TAG), and non-high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were measured using the enzymatic kits, and the gene expression of transporters, enzymes, and receptors involved in cholesterol absorption and metabolism was quantified using the quantitative PCR. GC analysis was used to quantify hepatic cholesterol and fecal acidic and neutral sterols.
Results

Dietary supplementation of 0.5 and 1.0 % blueberry anthocyanins for 6 weeks decreased plasma TC concentration by 6–12 % in a dose-dependent manner. This was accompanied by increasing the excretion of fecal neutral and acidic sterols by 22–29 % and 41–74 %, respectively. Real-time PCR analyses demonstrated that incorporation of blueberry anthocyanins into diet down-regulated the genes of NPC1L1, ACAT-2, MTP, and ABCG 8. In addition, blueberry anthocyanins were also able to down-regulate the gene expression of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase.
Conclusion

The cholesterol-lowering activity of blueberry anthocyanins was most likely mediated by enhancing the excretion of sterols accompanied with down-regulation on gene expression of intestinal NPC1L1, ACAT-2, MTP, and ABCG 8.

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00394-012-0393-6

Eine Interssante Ergänzung zu den fruktosehaltigen Blaubeeren sind z.B. schwarze Bohnen, die ebenfalls größere Mengen Anthocyane enthalten und dazu eine Menge Protein.

Wie sich die Anthocyane verschiedener Nahrungspflanzen unterscheiden weiß ich (noch) nicht genau, folglich auch nicht ob man die Wirkung der Heidelbeer-Anthocyane damit nachvollzogen werden können.
Im Gegensatz zum Extrakt enthält die ganze Beere z.B. auch verschiedene Obstsäuren, die ja ebenfalls zunehmend in den Fokus der pharmaklogischen Forschung geraten

Ich habe mit meinem Traubenkernmehl OPC (ein Flavanol),
Flavonoide hab ich in ein paar anderen Sachen (Zitrone, Granatapfel, Hagebutten ...)verteilt.
Das soll mir genügen und die Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Polyphenolen lernen zu müssen, wäre mir too much.

Die Dosis macht das Gift:


https://www.freundin.de/lifestyle-zu-viele-blaubeeren-essen

Da ich nichts gegen ein bisschen mehr Aspirin habe, esse ich ne ganze Packung am Tag. :-)

Für mich ein Grundnahrungsmittel! Subjektiv super für Augen und allgemeines Wohlbefinden. Wenn ich auf Reisen bin, habe ich oft nicht die Möglichkeit, mich gesund und abswechslungsreich zu ernähren. Daher bin ich dann oft müder als sonst. Das passiert mir aber nicht, wenn ich größere Mengen (ca. 400-600g) Blaubeeren esse. Damit bleibe ich oft den ganzen Tag über fit, auch wenn die sonstige Ernährung nicht ideal ist.

Ist euch eigentlich mal aufgefallen, dass es oft die färbenden Nahrungsmittel/Gewürze sind, die so gesund sind? Blaubeeren, Rote Beete, Kurkuma... Mich würde interessieren, ob das ein genereller Trend ist und wieso dem so ist.

Anthocyanin-rich blueberry extracts and anthocyanin metabolite protocatechuic acid promote autophagy-lysosomal pathway and alleviate neurons damage in in vivo and in vitro models of Alzheimer's disease
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar...335X?via%3Dihub

Dietary Blueberries Improve Vascular Inflammation and Alter the Composition of the Gut Microbiome in Aged Mice
https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/do...022.36.S1.R5941

240 g täglich also in etwa beim Menschen.

Six-month intervention with wild blueberries improved speed of processing in mild cognitive decline: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....5X.2022.2117475

Dieses Jahr ist es schwierig an wilde Heidelbeeren zu kommen : in Europa sind ein großer Teil durch die Trockenheit vertrocknet.

Study: Concentrated Blueberry Juice Improves Brain Function in Older Adults: https://www.sci.news/medicine/blueberry-...ults-04733.html

Effect of 4 weeks daily wild blueberry supplementation on symptoms of depression in adolescents: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32151287/

Sehr interessant. Saft von wilden Heidelbeeren tuts auch.

Blaubeerergänzung in der Lebensmitte zur Verringerung des Demenzrisikos

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Späte Demenz entwickelt sich typischerweise über einen Zeitraum von vielen Jahren, beginnend in der Lebensmitte.

Die Prävalenz von Stoffwechselstörungen beschleunigt sich auch im mittleren Alter und ist ein prominenter Risikofaktor für Demenz. Vorläufige Studien deuten darauf hin, dass eine Heidelbeerergänzung die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit verbessern und den Stoffwechsel und die Gehirnfunktion beeinflussen kann und daher eine Rolle bei der frühzeitigen Intervention spielen kann, um Neurodegeneration zu verhindern. In einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie untersuchten wir die Auswirkungen einer täglichen Blaubeerergänzung in einer Stichprobe von insulinresistenten Teilnehmern mittleren Alters mit erhöhtem Risiko für zukünftige Demenz.


Wir nahmen übergewichtige Männer und Frauen im Alter von 50 bis 65 Jahren mit subjektivem kognitivem Verfall (SCD) auf und führten prä- und postinterventionelle Bewertungen der Kognition und des Stoffwechsels sowie explorative Maßnahmen der peripheren mitochondrialen Funktion durch. Wir beobachteten verbesserte Leistungen für die Blaubeergruppe bei Messungen des lexikalischen Zugangs, p = 0,003, und der Gedächtnisinterferenz, p = 0,04, und mit Blaubeeren behandelte Teilnehmer berichteten über reduzierte Schwierigkeiten bei der Gedächtniskodierung bei Aktivitäten im täglichen Leben, p = 0,03. Die mit Blaubeeren behandelte Gruppe zeigte auch eine Korrektur der peripheren Hyperinsulinämie, p = 0,04, und einen bescheidenen Trend für eine erhöhte mitochondriale Entkopplung , p = 0,11. Die kognitiven Befunde deuteten auf eine verbesserte exekutive Fähigkeit in dieser Stichprobe mittleren Alters hin.

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https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/8/1619

What Is Blueberry Extract?

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Blueberry extract is a natural health supplement made from concentrated blueberry juice. A rich source of nutrients and antioxidants, blueberry extract contains beneficial plant compounds (including the flavonol quercetin) and anthocyanins, a class of compounds thought to reduce inflammation and protect against heart disease and cancer.

Although its benefits are unproven, it is often promoted for the following conditions:

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD; an eye disease)
• Alzheimer's disease
• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• High cholesterol

(...)
A blueberry extract dosed at 100 milligrams (mg) daily for three months helped improve memory performance in older adults. Blueberry powder did not improve memory performance.

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https://www.verywellhealth.com/blueberry-extract-89424

Also gibt es möglicherweise Vorteile von Blaubeer-Extrakt gegenüber Blaubeer-Pulver. Da viele auch Kurkuma in Form von Curcumin supplementieren überlege ich ob es sinnvoll wäre Blaubeer-Extrakt zu nehmen? Zumal man nicht immer gute und günstige Blaubeeren im Supermarkt bekommt und vielleicht auch nicht jeden Tag Lust auf Blaubeeren hat.

Wild Blueberry Extract Intervention in Healthy Older Adults: A Multi-Study, Randomised, Controlled Investigation of Acute Cognitive and Cardiovascular Effects
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/8/1180

Anthocyane: Schutz vor Krankheiten: https://www.zentrum-der-gesundheit.de/er...offe/anthocyane

Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Anthocyanins in In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/9/1143